The Failure of Conservative Modernization and the Restructuring of the Political Order---China and the Communist 10/10/1911 Revolution.

  1. FYI: Click here for Web-history of Republican China 1911-1927
    1. Chaos: 1911-1919.
    2. 4. May 1919: Shandong and the revitalization of the GMD. See map.
    3. CCP -- 1921.
    4. Cooperation against the War-Lords 1921-1927
  2. 1927-1937: GMD Window of Opportunity ---- squandered. See F-R, 209 and FYI: Click here for Web-history of GMD ascendency
  3. CCP in hibernation.
    1. Hunan-Jiangxi 1927-1934.
    2. "The Long March" to Yenan. (Oct. 1934-Oct. 1935. See map, also in F-R, p. 210
    3. In what way does Maoism have contact points and a certain consistency with the Confucian tradition? See F-R, 100 for discussion of three basic ideas of Mao and compare with the San Min Chu I and with the performance of the GMD in power on F-R, 209 and discussed above.
      1. Will and "correct thought."
      2. Nationalism vs. "five famous relationships."
      3. Populism and "mutural obligations."
  4. The Second World War as the "mighty accelerator" of revolution.
    1. Japanese imperialism Click here for map. READ first paragraph of War and Revolution: 1935-1949.
      1. Manchuria, 1931
      2. Jehol, 1933
      3. World War II begins, 7-7-37 READ second and third paragraphs of War and Revolution: 1935-1949.
        1. GMD Retreat
        2. Japanese Atrocities as a stimulus to Chinese nationalism. E.g. Nanking , an overview of Iris Chang's controverial book "The Rape of Nanking."
        3. U.S. aid to Chunking by late 1941.
    1. The CCP and the "Yenan Way" 1937-1945
    2. Civil War 1945-1949
      1. US involvement and withdrawal 1945-1947
      2. Withdrawal to Taiwan 1947-1949. Click here for map
  5. Two Chinas 1949---
    1. Republic of China (Taiwan)
    2. People's Republic of ("Red") China (PRC)
  6. The "Three Communiques" --- collectively urged both to settle their differences peacefully
    1. Treaty of Shanghai 1972 --- "One China" --- Two Governments --- PRC recognized officially.
    2. Taiwan Relations Act 1979 - U.S: "Any effort to determine the future of Taiwan by other than peaceful means, including by boycotts or embargoes, [is] a threat to this peace and security of the Western Pacific and is of grave concern to the U.S."
    3. 1982 Arms and Sales Agreement
  7. Current quandry.

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