Chapter Three: The Biological Bases of Behavior

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The following learning objectives may help you organize your understanding of the chapter material

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  1. Describe the main functions of the two types of nervous tissue.
  2. Describe the various parts of the neuron.
  3. Describe the neural impulse.
  4. Explain how neurons communicate at chemical synapses, and discuss how researchers track neurotransmitter activity.
  5. Discuss how acetylcholine, the biogenic amines, GABA, and endorphins are related to behavior.
  6. Provide an overview of the organization of the nervous system.
  7. Describe how the EEG, lesioning, and ESB are used to investigate brain function.
  8. Describe the new brain-imaging methods (CT, PET, MRI scans) that are used to study brain structure and function.
  9. Summarize the key structures and functions of the hindbrain and midbrain.
  10. Summarize the key functions of the thalamus, hypothalamus, and limbic system.
  11. Describe the structure of the cerebrum and the key function of the four lobes in the cerebral cortex.
  12. Summarize evidence that led scientists to view the left hemisphere as the dominant hemisphere, and describe how research on cerebral specialization changed this view.
  13. Summarize evidence on the origins and correlates of handedness and describe the Featured Study on reduce longevity in left-handers.
  14. Describe the workings of the endocrine system.
  15. Describe the structures and processes involved in genetic transmission.
  16. Explain the difference between genotype and phenotype and the meaning of polygenic inheritance.
  17. Explain the special methods used to investigate the influence of heredity on behavior.
  18. Explain how heredity may influence behavior and how its influence may be moderated by environment.
  19. Explain how this chapter highlighted three of the text's unifying themes.
  20. Outline five popular ideas linking cerebral specialization to cognitive processes.
  21. Critically evaluate each of the five ideas on cerebral specialization and cognitive processes in light of currently available data.

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